1 June 16, 2017
Articles and Statements
1. Maria V. Bratolyubova, Vladimir P. Trut
Political Caricature during World War I (based on the Examples of Positive Visualization of the “Friends” and Negative Visualization of the “Foes” in the Don Periodical Press Satirical Cartoons)
Propaganda in the World and Local Conflicts, 2017, 4(1): 4-16.
Number of views: 829 Download in PDF
2. Sergei Bogdanov, Vladimir OstapukPropaganda in the World and Local Conflicts, 2017, 4(1): 4-16.
Abstract:
The article deals with the problem of political caricature as a visual-content component of the mass propaganda during the international military-political crisis of World War I, based on the analysis of the satirical drawings presented on the pages of the Don periodical press during the war. We analyze the positive visualization of the “friends” and the negative visualization of the “foes” in the satirical cartoons in the Don periodical press during World War I. We considered the most typical examples of a political caricature, as well as their content and the connection between their visual image and the content. In conclusion, the authors note that the visual sources analysis suggests the artistic primitiveness of the "image of the enemy". The cartoonists intentionally made the "image of the enemy" artistically unattractive. The worse it was, the greater effect it achieved and the more revealing was the absurdity and vulgarity of the enemy. Thus, it weakened the physical and moral strength of the enemy.
The article deals with the problem of political caricature as a visual-content component of the mass propaganda during the international military-political crisis of World War I, based on the analysis of the satirical drawings presented on the pages of the Don periodical press during the war. We analyze the positive visualization of the “friends” and the negative visualization of the “foes” in the satirical cartoons in the Don periodical press during World War I. We considered the most typical examples of a political caricature, as well as their content and the connection between their visual image and the content. In conclusion, the authors note that the visual sources analysis suggests the artistic primitiveness of the "image of the enemy". The cartoonists intentionally made the "image of the enemy" artistically unattractive. The worse it was, the greater effect it achieved and the more revealing was the absurdity and vulgarity of the enemy. Thus, it weakened the physical and moral strength of the enemy.
Number of views: 829 Download in PDF
Anti-Soviet Advocacy, Agitation and Defeatism Activities in Leningrad and Leningrad Region, June – August 1941 (based on the NKGB (People's Commissariat for State Security) Situation Reports)
Propaganda in the World and Local Conflicts, 2017, 4(1): 17-23.
Number of views: 805 Download in PDF
3. Michal SmigelPropaganda in the World and Local Conflicts, 2017, 4(1): 17-23.
Abstract:
This article reveals one of the most thoroughly hidden aspects of the everyday life in Leningrad and Leningrad region during the first months of the Great Patriotic war. Recently declassified NKGB situation reports on Leningrad and Leningrad region from the Central archive of the Ministry of Defense were used as the information source for this article. The article deals with anti-government manifestations such as spreading panic rumors, anti-Soviet advocacy, listening to enemy radio broadcasts, distributing anti-Soviet leaflets and planning riots against local party and State authorities. Both urban and rural anti-Soviet manifestations’ specifics are revealed in the article, as well as repressive activities of the state security service, due to the restructuring of the Soviet society during the first months of the war . We considered certain features of moral and psychological state of Soviet citizens at the initial stage of the German aggression against the USSR.
This article reveals one of the most thoroughly hidden aspects of the everyday life in Leningrad and Leningrad region during the first months of the Great Patriotic war. Recently declassified NKGB situation reports on Leningrad and Leningrad region from the Central archive of the Ministry of Defense were used as the information source for this article. The article deals with anti-government manifestations such as spreading panic rumors, anti-Soviet advocacy, listening to enemy radio broadcasts, distributing anti-Soviet leaflets and planning riots against local party and State authorities. Both urban and rural anti-Soviet manifestations’ specifics are revealed in the article, as well as repressive activities of the state security service, due to the restructuring of the Soviet society during the first months of the war . We considered certain features of moral and psychological state of Soviet citizens at the initial stage of the German aggression against the USSR.
Number of views: 805 Download in PDF
Propaganda Raids of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army in Slovakia (Czechoslovakia) in 1945–1946: Structure and Forms of Czechoslovak Resistance
Propaganda in the World and Local Conflicts, 2017, 4(1): 24-51.
Number of views: 778 Download in PDF
4. Alexander FedorovPropaganda in the World and Local Conflicts, 2017, 4(1): 24-51.
Abstract:
The Ukrainian insurgent army, which operated in western Ukraine and south-eastern Poland during the World War II – from 1942 onwards, continued in its actions during the post-war years but it slightly altered its mission. The leaders of the Ukrainian underground movement expected that a political conflict would start between the actors of the anti-Hitler coalition and that a new armed conflict would start between the West and the Soviet Union. This, they thought, would mark the end of the Soviet regime in Eastern Europe. In this situation the Ukrainian underground encouraged the Soviet Union republics and countries of middle and south-eastern Europe, to a united armed conflict against bolshevism. This was to be done in the so called: Front of Enslaved and Endangered Nations of Middle and Eastern Europe. To practically realize these aims the Ukrainian insurgent units undertook several propaganda raids during 1945-1950 into Belarus, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Romania and into the Baltic states (Lithuania). These raids were a new form of anti-Soviet activities and struggle of the Ukrainian insurgent army during the post-war years. Czechoslovakia was one of the main targets for these raids, which took place in three phases: August – September 1945, April 1946 (both in eastern Slovakia) and the so called: Great raid through the republic into the American zone in Germany during June – October/November 1947, which also had a profound international response. This paper focuses on first two raids of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army in Slovakia in 1945 – 1946, analyzes them from the viewpoint of forms and methods of the struggle and analyzes the structure and forms of the elimination by the Czechoslovak security forces.
The Ukrainian insurgent army, which operated in western Ukraine and south-eastern Poland during the World War II – from 1942 onwards, continued in its actions during the post-war years but it slightly altered its mission. The leaders of the Ukrainian underground movement expected that a political conflict would start between the actors of the anti-Hitler coalition and that a new armed conflict would start between the West and the Soviet Union. This, they thought, would mark the end of the Soviet regime in Eastern Europe. In this situation the Ukrainian underground encouraged the Soviet Union republics and countries of middle and south-eastern Europe, to a united armed conflict against bolshevism. This was to be done in the so called: Front of Enslaved and Endangered Nations of Middle and Eastern Europe. To practically realize these aims the Ukrainian insurgent units undertook several propaganda raids during 1945-1950 into Belarus, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Romania and into the Baltic states (Lithuania). These raids were a new form of anti-Soviet activities and struggle of the Ukrainian insurgent army during the post-war years. Czechoslovakia was one of the main targets for these raids, which took place in three phases: August – September 1945, April 1946 (both in eastern Slovakia) and the so called: Great raid through the republic into the American zone in Germany during June – October/November 1947, which also had a profound international response. This paper focuses on first two raids of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army in Slovakia in 1945 – 1946, analyzes them from the viewpoint of forms and methods of the struggle and analyzes the structure and forms of the elimination by the Czechoslovak security forces.
Number of views: 778 Download in PDF
‘Cinema Art’ as part of a typical model of the Soviet humanitarian journals in the Cold War times
Propaganda in the World and Local Conflicts, 2017, 4(1): 52-61.
Number of views: 795 Download in PDF
5. Matthew D. JohnsonPropaganda in the World and Local Conflicts, 2017, 4(1): 52-61.
Abstract:
The analysis of the journal Cinema Art – 1977 revealed the following main film criticism trends: - the magazine was unable to preserve the "thawing" tendencies, which were still strong even in the late 1960s, and in many ways proved to be in the ideological line of the peak of the L. Brezhnev’s epoch; - At the same time, the journal tried to analyze the most notable works of Soviet cinema, while, alas, not allowing even in minimal doses a criticism of the shortcomings in the works of the most "principally" influential at that time the screen masters; - giving a weighty tribute to the Soviet propaganda pathos, the magazine could afford to publish the substantive discussions “on certain narrow bridgeheads”. In general, the Cinema Art in 1977 was part of a typical model of the Soviet humanitarian journal, which, with significant censorship concessions and powers, tried to retain at least 50% of the total text for art analysis of the film process.
The analysis of the journal Cinema Art – 1977 revealed the following main film criticism trends: - the magazine was unable to preserve the "thawing" tendencies, which were still strong even in the late 1960s, and in many ways proved to be in the ideological line of the peak of the L. Brezhnev’s epoch; - At the same time, the journal tried to analyze the most notable works of Soviet cinema, while, alas, not allowing even in minimal doses a criticism of the shortcomings in the works of the most "principally" influential at that time the screen masters; - giving a weighty tribute to the Soviet propaganda pathos, the magazine could afford to publish the substantive discussions “on certain narrow bridgeheads”. In general, the Cinema Art in 1977 was part of a typical model of the Soviet humanitarian journal, which, with significant censorship concessions and powers, tried to retain at least 50% of the total text for art analysis of the film process.
Number of views: 795 Download in PDF
Securitizing Culture in Post-Deng China: An Evolving National Strategic Paradigm, 1994–2014
Propaganda in the World and Local Conflicts, 2017, 4(1): 62-80.
Number of views: 765 Download in PDF
Propaganda in the World and Local Conflicts, 2017, 4(1): 62-80.
Abstract:
This article examines the emergence and impact of the threat image of U.S.-led globalization on national strategic paradigms in the People’s Republic of China. It finds that, beginning in the mid-1990s, internal discussions focusing on national cultural security (NCS) became increasingly influential within elite policymaking circles and directly impacted assessments of comprehensive national security and sovereignty—specifically, how these concepts were to be defined. Other results demonstrate the importance of NCS to institutions and policy frameworks emblematic of the “cultural turn” in politics under Xi Jinping. Finally, the article draws parallels between NCS and, within the People’s Liberation Army, the evolving doctrine of psychological warfare, hypothesizing that these developments are connected by a shared paradigm uniting strategists within the party-state-army. It concludes that strong consensus concerning cultural security exists at the national level and that, viewed from a historical perspective, “Xiism” as an approach to politics and information flow management is grounded in an intellectual and institutional transformation—cultural securitization—which first emerged during the mid-1990s.
This article examines the emergence and impact of the threat image of U.S.-led globalization on national strategic paradigms in the People’s Republic of China. It finds that, beginning in the mid-1990s, internal discussions focusing on national cultural security (NCS) became increasingly influential within elite policymaking circles and directly impacted assessments of comprehensive national security and sovereignty—specifically, how these concepts were to be defined. Other results demonstrate the importance of NCS to institutions and policy frameworks emblematic of the “cultural turn” in politics under Xi Jinping. Finally, the article draws parallels between NCS and, within the People’s Liberation Army, the evolving doctrine of psychological warfare, hypothesizing that these developments are connected by a shared paradigm uniting strategists within the party-state-army. It concludes that strong consensus concerning cultural security exists at the national level and that, viewed from a historical perspective, “Xiism” as an approach to politics and information flow management is grounded in an intellectual and institutional transformation—cultural securitization—which first emerged during the mid-1990s.
Number of views: 765 Download in PDF
Technical Means of Propagandists
6. Vladimir B. Karataev
Combat Auto-Printing Mobile Unit BPK-63MKL
Propaganda in the World and Local Conflicts, 2017, 4(1): 81-86.
Number of views: 772 Download in PDF
7. Propaganda in the World and Local Conflicts, 2017, 4(1): 81-86.
Abstract:
Distribution of printed materials in the combat zone can be used both to raise the units’ morale (publication of newspapers and military leaflets of military units) and to demoralize enemy units (publication of anti-military propaganda materials). Combat auto-printing mobile units are produced in the armies all over the world for these purposes. BPK-63MKL is one of the models of the combat auto-printing mobile units in the Russian army. Open sources (auction data, technical information of the manufacturer, etc.) were used as materials in this work. General scientific traditional methods of analysis, synthesis, concretization and generalization were used in the research. The historical comparative method was used to reveal and characterize the general and the particular aspect in the selected materials. We also applied the method of generalization of the information on the studied subject. The author comes to the conclusion that the combat auto-printing mobile unit BPK-63MKL is the new generation weapon of the Russian army and it fully meets the modern requirements for the weapon of the propagandists. Despite the lack of feedback on this product from the military conflicts zone, the combat auto-printing mobile unit proved itself during maneuvers and exercises.
Distribution of printed materials in the combat zone can be used both to raise the units’ morale (publication of newspapers and military leaflets of military units) and to demoralize enemy units (publication of anti-military propaganda materials). Combat auto-printing mobile units are produced in the armies all over the world for these purposes. BPK-63MKL is one of the models of the combat auto-printing mobile units in the Russian army. Open sources (auction data, technical information of the manufacturer, etc.) were used as materials in this work. General scientific traditional methods of analysis, synthesis, concretization and generalization were used in the research. The historical comparative method was used to reveal and characterize the general and the particular aspect in the selected materials. We also applied the method of generalization of the information on the studied subject. The author comes to the conclusion that the combat auto-printing mobile unit BPK-63MKL is the new generation weapon of the Russian army and it fully meets the modern requirements for the weapon of the propagandists. Despite the lack of feedback on this product from the military conflicts zone, the combat auto-printing mobile unit proved itself during maneuvers and exercises.
Number of views: 772 Download in PDF